Pavement.



Patented Aug. 6, 1918.

'- I l nvenov MZUEM-Ssam .0. X. A n0 W. E. HASSAM.

PAVEMENT.. APPLICATION FILED IAN. I7, 19H.

nn: Nanms Pr rsns co4. Primo-Lima, wAsulNarvN. n. c4

.f streetsfand thelike and smrnsmrnnr onirica.

weLannznlrinssni/rj or Woncns'rnn, MAssAcfHUsETTs, AssIGivoR To :Hassett` PAVING` gCoMPANY, on WORCESTER, M AssActIUsETfrs, A oonroRATIoivo'r .MAssncLiUsETfi's TaaZZ ,whom t may concern; y; l

Betlmewn' that .L WALTER Ef HASSAM, a citizen i of the, United: States, residing at State of Massachusettsrhave.invented aI new r andusefu i A:aveinenn of whichmthefollowingiis,a,speciiication.

YThis;l inventionY relates `to a paving for, to ,a structure .which can bet-used for other purposes, such as verti-A call-walls andthelike. This invention is an improvement; over the invention of l Charles" lRoss.l Aon a. pavement for .which Ihe has t l =..filed anapplication forUnited States., Let?v ters-Ratent,I Serial 1913.; l

The principal fobjects of this-inventionare to ..provi de.,a. pavement or structure based-s No; 808,405, iledDeci 23,-.

onthe. ideaE represented; in the above-.men-V tionedapplicationin which thewood pieces i are'locatedin the structurein-sueh a Way that they'willlform atrm'er; support and resist pressure more-fully; also t0-pr`ovidea vstructure based on: this idea` which, can be the-Y same-.time will laid with. more exactness and tbrought/ toa level moreeasilyjfand which will present comparatively f few.; .andfsmall voids for.; the absorption offthe binding,- m'aterial and ,v at be'ap'ableof being rein.- foreedfto preventfcreeping; Further objects and' advantages of,y the inventionwill appeari.hereinafteri v Referenceis; to be. hadto ;the accompany- -ingfdrayvings -in'wh-ich-f:

Eigurewl'fisatransverse sectional view of. al portionV of ya pavement: .constructed .1n accordance withthls invention; y

Fig. 2;is :aplan off one 'layerl or course of l i thexpavement; and'F ig 3 is aviewsiinilar to Fig.l}1 ofamodification.

Asf stated the above-.mentioned applica.-

tion, anaordinary type: of; `pavement widely usedsatthefpresent time. involves the em- "-125 ploy/mentT of finely-broken stone'which;v can beobtainedf'only in certainlocalities and which. involves considerable expense, both for the purchase thereof and for transporta-.f tion, andr that invention was designed ffor f substituting i for the broken. stone amaterial namely lwood,` which: can, be obtained in manyVI places at a much lower rate and whichl can be so laidinv Athe pavement that it will lastf for indefinite periods;

iIn order; toI carry@ outf this purpose and? Application med Januar'yiv', 1914.? serial No. 812,681.

PAVEMENT.

with .thesplit or .side surface tected before the` binder ycomes .into contact.

As a speciiic example of manufacture,l the.

road which is. toreceivevthe` pavement is first. .leveled voii, 01jv votherwise brought... to

solid sub-gradeof uniform vcross section. by rolling', tainping .or this producesa flat. surface a. On this sur.- facel may bei flowed a i layer 4 of; binding maf` terial o.; Either in this layer While stillsoft.,

orfon the surface a isl :placed a layerof woodA piecesc, these previously beingiirst collected together with` the. grain. parallel,

and formed .in bundles? vwhich are. `indicated placing the wood pieces bythe ,grain of1 the .wood sand E. t1. surfaces ,of the wood come Speciicationof Letters 'Patent Patented 'A ug,` 6, 1918,

in Fig. 2. Each of these bundlesis made` upof aplurality ofpiecesof Wood allfsawed orhcutofl" the same length so that the endsy lieflat. in. aplaneandthe` thickness of thel bundle t is 'equal tothe length of each individual-piece. rTilesebundles areinade; of, any desired shape andthe pieces held irmly 1 together so` that th'egvoidsare small.` Allof them are of the .same. thiclmes; so that,l when these bundles are placed, in position, the level ofj the grade.. yis ,raised exactly the .thickness of; thebundfles. Then the voids'between the bundles are preferably filled by introducing. wooden-blocks ofthe-sameY length between'` them;v 'I lhestrings. or wires d-whichtie thev bundles togetherA canzbe loosenedy or cutV if desiredso ast `make ,the voidsmore uniformv throughout; 'the ;w.hole mass` derstood, of.course,` that. this layer. can be rolled if: desired to .bringit still further to a level,` but inasmuchV as 'the surface a has previously been rolled, ordinarily this is not Itjwill be lun-` necessary thewood not beingcompressible ofcourse; VMoreover, as the:woodisfall'lofV grain parallel, the rolling. the wooden particlesl nearer,-

cated-with the` would. not.l force together.

' If itis desired tof'reinforce the pavement; to preventy creeping back andfforth7 a woven wire, mesh fabricfeisthen placed overthez tect them from as to provide a wearing layer size, about a three-quarter mesh being preferred.

It will be understood of course that the wooden pieces then, although all of the same length, are of various cross sections andas waste wood is employed wherever possible, it willV be obvious about the angles which the various blocks make with each other.v On accountof their being first collected in bundles and each bundle tied Vwithl a string or wirey Z after they are forced together, in the same way that kindling wood is bundled up, it will be seen that only small voids appear between thepieces and that the voids between the bundles'them'selves are partially filled.

In some cases I prefer to partially fill the l voids still further by introducing pea stone,

sawdust, or small'fragments of wood on the surface of this layer pears into the voids. This step, however, can be omitted if desired.

The next step of the process consists in flushing the surface of this layer of wooden blocks with a grouting yor binding material 7L', preferably a bituminous or asphaltic one, such as is now frequently employed for use on stone pavements, but a cementitious binding material, such as Portland cement, can

be used in place of it. This is flooded over the entire surface of the wooden layer tov such a thickness and such a degree of consistency that it will flow down between the f wooden pieces and coat them so as to prothe action of the air and moisture when in use. This is first received on the sawed, flat, wood, and no matter how thin it' is or how much or little flows down the sides of the wooden pieces, these ends are ycoated and sealed perinanently. -I/hen the binding material is' used, the lower ends are sealed just as surely.

It will be understood ofcourse, that thei entire pavement can consist of a single layer of the wooden blocks treated as above specified, but in the form shown in the drawings, the pavement isshown as comprising two layers, the secondlayercbeing now applied onv top of the soft bindingmaterial, some of which remains on the upper surface of the first layer. This layer of wood is of the same character as the first layer and is treated in the same way, preferably. The voids in this case yare preferably filled, however, with pea stone g. This is spread over the wooden layer and vraked along it so as to enter the voids and fill all those except the smallest ones, and a surplus is used so surface abovefthe wood. This can then be rolled if desired and then a second layerrh of binding'material is flushed over the surface for the same purof wood. This-can be of any desired Y that thereois no regularity of wooden blocks, and v brushing it back and forth until it disapopen-grain ends of thev layer b of I plied. .After the binding materialhardens,

a layer of sand can be spread over the top if desired, but the real. wearing surface consists of the pea stones intermingled with the binding material. Ifonly a singley course of wood c1 vis used as in'Fig.y 3 the piecespreferably'are longer 'than those used for each of a plurality of layers, and the reinforcing is done by means of rods In this way it will be seen that a solid and durable base is furnished for the `pave-l ment and that after the sub-gradeV is finished and rolled hard it maybeunnecessary tol roll yit further in ordinary-practice, al-

though it can be rolled if desired. The'filling of the voids between `the pieces ofv the wood with small fragments 4of wood,"sawy dust, or pea stone adds to the rigidity of' the pavement and reduces the amount ofand this is an important feature of this in-V vention because it leaves nothingftochance,f

and thepreservation ofthe wood is assured. -Variations of this method of procedure can be employed #for similarpurposes, jfor The fact that example, blocks Iof paving material can be made 'by a similar :process except that they*` are not made on thepavement itself, 'andthese blocks consistingfof lwood embedded l in the binding material can -b'e` usedV Afor forming sidewalks and" other vpavements.l

l\/Ioreove1',saidy blocks can be used forforming vertical walls and:y can be carried out for theV latter purposeyfor building the walls in position Awith the-l wooden blocks located therein4 in substan.

tially lthe same way` as has been described with reference to their. use for'pavements.`

Although I have illustratedy and described only a few applications of the invention and only a single method of carrying it out, I am aware of he fact that the invention canv be used for other purposes and carried out with other changes in details with` out departing from the` scope thereof as exressed in the claims.

Therefore,

these respects,

1. A pavement comprising a layer of y a reinforcement onl the top. ofsaid layer, a second` layerof' pieces of pieces of wood,

wood on top of thefrst layer, and a binding material A covering. thev open in fact the'v process I do not wish to be limited ingrain ends l tical, a

of the wood and sealing the same and extending down into the voids through the pieces and through the reinforcement.

2. A. pavement comprising a layer of pieces of wood having the grain thereof vertical, a reinforcement on the top of said layer, a layer of paving material on top of the reinforcement, a binding material covering the open grain ends of said wood and sealing thel same vand extending down into the voids between the pieces.

pavement comprising a layer of pieces of wood having the grain thereoffverreinforcement on the top of lsaid Amy hand in the layer, a second layer of pieces of wood on top of the first layer having the grain thereof vertical, and a binding material covering the open grain ends of said wood and sealing the same and extending down into the voids between the pieces.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set presence of two subscribing witnesses.

WALTER E. HASSAM. Witnesses:

ALBERT E. FAY,

C. FoRREs'r WEss'oN.

copies of! this patent muy be obtained for ve centl each, by nddreulng'the commissioner of Inhalts,

Washington, D. C. 

